In their literary works, Christopher Paul Curtis and Khudoyberdi Tuxtaboyev delve into the complexities of human emotions and address social injustices, bringing attention to the experiences and societal expectations of orphaned children. This article examines the manifestation of social inequality through the depiction of orphaned characters by authors from two distinct nations within diverse cultural and historical contexts. The works of Curtis expose the racial and class disparities present in American society by depicting the struggles of orphaned children. The social inequalities of the Great Depression are subject to sharp criticism. The characters are faced with racial discrimination and economic hardships, which compel them to struggle against the harsh and unjust rules of society in order to survive. In contrast, Khudoyberdi Tuxtaboyevʼs depiction of orphaned children serves as a commentary on the societal injustices of World War II. The economic disparities between the affluent and the impoverished were exacerbated during the war, as the influential took advantage of and subjugated the less privileged. Kh.Tuxtaboyev discusses the ways in which the affluent utilized their resources and influence to manipulate or exploit the impoverished, capitalizing on the intricate circumstances of war. He provides insight into the issues of socioeconomic disparity and material deprivation within the unique societal context of Uzbekistan. The authors portray orphanhood not only as a personal tragedy, but also as a manifestation of larger societal issues. The authors use the struggles of orphaned children to illustrate social inequalities, class barriers, and injustices in society, as these children face challenges posed by societal structures that work against them. Thus, in both literatures, the image of the orphan serves as a vehicle for social criticism.