This article analyzes unique features of English Renaissance and creative work of Christopher Marlowe, prominent playwright of this period. Influence of Canterbury and Cambridge University environment on writerʼs intellectual development is comprehensively examined in this research. Marloweʼs tragedies, “Dido, Queen of Carthage” and “The Jew of Malta” are investigated on basis of comparative-historical principles. Typological parallels of mythological characters, plots, and motifs with ancient Sumerian, Near Eastern mythology, and Quranic story of Korah are scientifically revealed. Transcultural connections, mutual cultural relations at crossroads of Western and Eastern civilizations, role of Eastern themes, and humanistic essence in authorʼs dramaturgy are fully substantiated.