The article extensively analyzes the main theoretical approaches to studying the image of the mother in world literary studies. The research substantiates that the maternal figure in literary texts appears not only as an educational or moral concept but also as a multifaceted image from social, cultural, and psychoanalytic perspectives. The article also pays special attention to how the motherʼs image is interpreted in various cultural and historical contexts. Specifically, W. McDanielsʼ research highlights the concept of maternal labor through mother-daughter relationships in modern American literature, while Shveta K. Kapurʼs studies reveal the formation of institutional care systems through the absence of mothers in Victorian literature. Brennan Burkeʼs analysis interprets the mother figure in close connection with processes of memory, desire, and personal growth, extensively illustrating its psychological and aesthetic aspects. Comparative analyses have shown that the maternal image simultaneously embodies universal and local characteristics across different literary spaces. This demonstrates that the theme of motherhood serves as a central concept in literary works, unveiling the complex interrelationships between society, individual, and culture. Thus, the article scientifically illuminates the relevance of studying the motherʼs image not only as an artistic and aesthetic phenomenon but also as a social and cultural one.